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en:passport:a_jennifer_projekt [2026/08/12 16:25] – Automatic translation vamsanen:passport:a_jennifer_projekt [2026/08/12 16:27] (current) – vamsan
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 {{ passport:azorian6.png |Schematic diagram of the USS Halibut SS(G)N 587, image source: flickr.com}} {{ passport:azorian6.png |Schematic diagram of the USS Halibut SS(G)N 587, image source: flickr.com}}
  
-The Halibut (meaning ‘flatfish’ in Hungarian) was a specially modified, odd-looking submarine, equipped with deep-sea cameras and a caisson; its primary purpose was to //“tapping”// , but it was also perfectly suited to rescue and exploration operations.+The Halibut (meaning ‘flatfish’ in Hungarian) was a specially modified, odd-looking submarine, equipped with deep-sea cameras and a caisson; its primary purpose was to //“tap”//, but it was also perfectly suited to rescue and exploration operations.
  
 The search expedition was crowned with success on 15 June 1968; the wreck was found not far from Oahu at a depth of 3,900 metres, not far from the Hawaiian archipelago. In January 1969, the new US President, **Richard Nixon**, the National Security Adviser **Henry Kissinger** briefed on the situation. The search expedition was crowned with success on 15 June 1968; the wreck was found not far from Oahu at a depth of 3,900 metres, not far from the Hawaiian archipelago. In January 1969, the new US President, **Richard Nixon**, the National Security Adviser **Henry Kissinger** briefed on the situation.
  
-Nixon transferred the matter from Naval Intelligence to the **CIA** and awaits proposals for a solution from the intelligence agency. The whole affair was highly sensitive for the US government, as the ship had sunk in international waters. Firstly, they waited six years for tempers to cool.+Nixon transferred the matter from Naval Intelligence to the **CIA** and awaited proposals for a solution from the intelligence agency. The whole affair was highly sensitive for the US government, as the ship had sunk in international waters. Firstly, they waited six years for tempers to cool.
  
 ===== Project Azorian ===== ===== Project Azorian =====
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 The highly eccentric Hughes maintained fairly close ties with the government; he contributed substantial donations to Nixon’s election campaign, and his global advertising firm, **Mullen & Co.,** was effectively a front company for the CIA (and was brought down by the Watergate scandal). The highly eccentric Hughes maintained fairly close ties with the government; he contributed substantial donations to Nixon’s election campaign, and his global advertising firm, **Mullen & Co.,** was effectively a front company for the CIA (and was brought down by the Watergate scandal).
  
-At the helm of the project was **John Parangosky** , an agent who had previously been involved in the development and operation of the U-2 (and later continued his work on the Corona project). Initially, they considered a remote-controlled special submarine, but the technical limitations of the time made this solution unfeasible, so they opted for a salvage vessel instead.+At the helm of the project was **John Parangosky**, an agent who had previously been involved in the development and operation of the U-2 (and later continued his work on the Corona project). Initially, they considered a remotely controlled special submarine, but the technical limitations of the time made this solution infeasible, so they opted for a salvage vessel instead.
  
 Yes, this brings us back to the USNS Hughes Glomar Explorer mentioned at the start of this post. Incidentally, it was indeed a deep-sea research vessel, as claimed, but it was designed not for manganese mining, but for the recovery of the K-129. The vessel, which cost 1.7 billion dollars at today’s prices, was built around a structure specially developed for the recovery operation: a frame integrated with gripping arms. This was to be lowered onto the submarine, and the wreck, secured by the gripping arms, was then hoisted into the ship’s internal dry dock. Yes, this brings us back to the USNS Hughes Glomar Explorer mentioned at the start of this post. Incidentally, it was indeed a deep-sea research vessel, as claimed, but it was designed not for manganese mining, but for the recovery of the K-129. The vessel, which cost 1.7 billion dollars at today’s prices, was built around a structure specially developed for the recovery operation: a frame integrated with gripping arms. This was to be lowered onto the submarine, and the wreck, secured by the gripping arms, was then hoisted into the ship’s internal dry dock.
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 The salvage attempt began on 7 June 1974 at the scene of the accident. Not many sources remain regarding the operation itself and its success, but it is almost certain that the salvage operation was not truly successful; the salvaged wreck was probably heavier than anticipated (or the lifting mechanism was undersized), so, on 12 August, when a third of the lifting had been completed, some of the gripping arms broke and about two-thirds of the submarine fell back to the seabed. The salvage attempt began on 7 June 1974 at the scene of the accident. Not many sources remain regarding the operation itself and its success, but it is almost certain that the salvage operation was not truly successful; the salvaged wreck was probably heavier than anticipated (or the lifting mechanism was undersized), so, on 12 August, when a third of the lifting had been completed, some of the gripping arms broke and about two-thirds of the submarine fell back to the seabed.
  
-They managed to salvage the remaining (front) third, where they reportedly found torpedoes and code books. A CIA report on the project has survived ([[https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//nukevault/ebb305/doc01.pdf|itt (available at]]), but the number of redacted sections in it almost exceeds that of the unredacted parts, and it does not contain much information about the salvage operation itself or its results. However, it does report that the Soviets very quickly caught wind of the mission’s true purpose and continually demonstrated their presence – yet, interestingly, they did not interfere with the extraction.+They managed to salvage the remaining third (the front), where they reportedly found torpedoes and code books. A CIA report on the project has survived ([[https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//nukevault/ebb305/doc01.pdf|it (available at]]), but the number of redacted sections almost exceeds that of the unredacted parts, and it contains little information about the salvage operation itself or its results. However, it does report that the Soviets very quickly caught wind of the mission’s true purpose and continually demonstrated their presence – yet, interestingly, they did not interfere with the extraction.
  
-Clearly, even at home, the CIA could not sweep a project of this magnitude under the carpet, so it was first reported in 1974 by the **New York Times** got wind of it, but the government managed to silence them. The **Los Angeles Times**, which ran the story – or at least part of it – on 7 February 1975; what’s more, following a misunderstanding, they managed to rebrand the Azorian project as **Project Jennifer**to its readers. Even after the article’s publication, the CIA refused to either confirm or deny the fact of the recovery.+Clearly, even at home, the CIA could not sweep a project of this magnitude under the carpet, so it was first reported in 1974 by the **New York Times** got wind of it, but the government managed to silence them. The **Los Angeles Times**, which ran the story – or at least part of it – on 7 February 1975; what’s more, following a misunderstanding, they managed to rebrand the Azorian project as **Project Jennifer ** for its readers. Even after the article’s publication, the CIA refused to confirm or deny the recovery.
  
 {{ passport:azorian4.png |The Glomar Explorer’s gripping mechanism, the ‘Claw’,\\ image source: maritime-executive.com}} {{ passport:azorian4.png |The Glomar Explorer’s gripping mechanism, the ‘Claw’,\\ image source: maritime-executive.com}}
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 Following the operation, the Glomar Explorer was laid up for a time, then converted into an oil exploration vessel. It was used for oil exploration in this capacity until 2015, under the name GSF Explorer, before meeting its end at the Zhoushan shipbreaking yard in China on 5 June 2015 – without ever having explored for manganese, as per its original (cover) purpose. And yet. Following the operation, the Glomar Explorer was laid up for a time, then converted into an oil exploration vessel. It was used for oil exploration in this capacity until 2015, under the name GSF Explorer, before meeting its end at the Zhoushan shipbreaking yard in China on 5 June 2015 – without ever having explored for manganese, as per its original (cover) purpose. And yet.
  
-Deep-sea mining is developing very rapidly even today, in parallel with the rise of the technology applicable to it. It cannot be ruled out that the developments on the Glomar Explorer also contributed to this technological revolution currently underway.+Deep-sea mining is developing very rapidly even today, in parallel with the rise of the technology applicable to it. It cannot be ruled out that developments aboard the Glomar Explorer also contributed to the technological revolution currently underway.
  
-Companies in this sector are sending underwater mining machines and oversized vacuum cleaners to the seabed, amongst other things to extract the manganese nodules mentioned at the start of this post. Perhaps if the Glomar Explorer had been launched on its mission in accordance with its original cover story, everyone would have been better off.+Companies in this sector are sending underwater mining machines and oversized vacuum cleaners to the seabed, amongst other things, to extract the manganese nodules mentioned at the start of this post. Perhaps if the Glomar Explorer had been launched on its mission in accordance with its original cover story, everyone would have been better off.
  
 Perhaps. Perhaps.
  
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 ===== Sources ===== ===== Sources =====
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en/passport/a_jennifer_projekt.1786544730.txt.gz · Last modified: by vamsan